Abstract

We have theoretically studied the effect of nuclear mass on electron localization in dissociating H2+ and its isotopes subjected to a few-cycle 3-μm pulse. Our results reveal an anomalous isotopic effect in which the degree of electron-directed reactivity can be even higher for heavier isotopes in the intense midinfrared field. We show, for the first time, the pronounced electron localization can be established through the interferences among the multi-photon coupling channels. Due to the relative enhancement of higher-order coupling channels with growing mass, the interference maxima at different kinetic energy of the spectra gradually become in phase, ultimately resulting in the larger dissociation asymmetries of heavier isotopes.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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  1. J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 67, 623–665 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  2. A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  3. V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 163601 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nature Phys. 3, 381–387 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  6. F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163–234 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  7. P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  8. M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  10. X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123002 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. S. Gräfe and M. Y. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 163603 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  12. F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  15. E. Persson, J. Burgdörfer, and S. Gräfe, “Quantum control of electron localization in molecules driven by trains of half-cycle pulses,” New J. Phys. 11, 105035 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  16. D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  17. B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  18. F. He, “Control of electron localization in the dissociation of H2+ using orthogonally polarized two-color sequential laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 063415 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  19. K. Liu, W. Hong, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+,” Opt. Express 19, 26359 (2011).
    [Crossref]
  20. I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. P. Lan, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Efficient control of electron localization by subcycle waveform synthesis,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 013418 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  22. K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  23. J. J. Hua and B. D. Esry, “The role of mass in the carrier-envelope phase effect for H2+ dissociation,” J. Phys. B 42, 085601 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  24. M. Lein, “Attosecond probing of vibrational dynamics with high-harmonic generation” Phys. Rev. Lett 94, 053004 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  25. S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  26. J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  27. A. Thai, M. Hemmer, P. K. Bates, O. Chalus, and J. Biegert, “Sub-250-mrad, passively carrier-envelope-phase-stable mid-infrared OPCPA source at high repetition rate,” Opt. Lett. 36, 3918–3920 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  28. F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
    [Crossref]
  29. F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  30. P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  31. B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  32. M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  33. B. Feuerstein and U. Thumm, “Fragmentation of H2+ in strong 800-nm laser pulses: Initial-vibrational-state dependence,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 043405 (2003).
    [Crossref]

2012 (6)

Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. He, “Control of electron localization in the dissociation of H2+ using orthogonally polarized two-color sequential laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 063415 (2012).
[Crossref]

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Lan, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Efficient control of electron localization by subcycle waveform synthesis,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 013418 (2012).
[Crossref]

K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (3)

2010 (4)

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
[Crossref]

B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (5)

J. J. Hua and B. D. Esry, “The role of mass in the carrier-envelope phase effect for H2+ dissociation,” J. Phys. B 42, 085601 (2009).
[Crossref]

E. Persson, J. Burgdörfer, and S. Gräfe, “Quantum control of electron localization in molecules driven by trains of half-cycle pulses,” New J. Phys. 11, 105035 (2009).
[Crossref]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
[Crossref]

F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163–234 (2009).
[Crossref]

M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (2)

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (5)

X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123002 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Gräfe and M. Y. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 163603 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nature Phys. 3, 381–387 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (3)

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
[Crossref]

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2005 (1)

M. Lein, “Attosecond probing of vibrational dynamics with high-harmonic generation” Phys. Rev. Lett 94, 053004 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (3)

J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 67, 623–665 (2004).
[Crossref]

A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
[Crossref]

V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 163601 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (1)

B. Feuerstein and U. Thumm, “Fragmentation of H2+ in strong 800-nm laser pulses: Initial-vibrational-state dependence,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 043405 (2003).
[Crossref]

Abeln, B.

B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
[Crossref]

Anis, F.

B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Austin, D.R.

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]

Baker, S.

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bandrauk, A. D.

A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
[Crossref]

Bates, P. K.

Baudisch, M.

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]

Becker, A.

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Benedetti, E.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

Ben-Itzhak, I.

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
[Crossref]

V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 163601 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bergues, B.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biegert, J.

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. Thai, M. Hemmer, P. K. Bates, O. Chalus, and J. Biegert, “Sub-250-mrad, passively carrier-envelope-phase-stable mid-infrared OPCPA source at high repetition rate,” Opt. Lett. 36, 3918–3920 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Burgdörfer, J.

E. Persson, J. Burgdörfer, and S. Gräfe, “Quantum control of electron localization in molecules driven by trains of half-cycle pulses,” New J. Phys. 11, 105035 (2009).
[Crossref]

Cao, W.

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
[Crossref]

P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
[Crossref]

Carnes, K. D.

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
[Crossref]

Chalus, O.

Chang, Z.

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chelkowski, S.

A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
[Crossref]

Chen, S.

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chirila, C. C.

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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
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V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 163601 (2004).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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B. Feuerstein and U. Thumm, “Fragmentation of H2+ in strong 800-nm laser pulses: Initial-vibrational-state dependence,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 043405 (2003).
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B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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Gaire, B.

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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E. Persson, J. Burgdörfer, and S. Gräfe, “Quantum control of electron localization in molecules driven by trains of half-cycle pulses,” New J. Phys. 11, 105035 (2009).
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S. Gräfe and M. Y. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 163603 (2007).
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I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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F. He, “Control of electron localization in the dissociation of H2+ using orthogonally polarized two-color sequential laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 063415 (2012).
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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
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F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
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A. Thai, M. Hemmer, P. K. Bates, O. Chalus, and J. Biegert, “Sub-250-mrad, passively carrier-envelope-phase-stable mid-infrared OPCPA source at high repetition rate,” Opt. Lett. 36, 3918–3920 (2011).
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B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
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Hofrichter, C.

M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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Hong, W.

Hua, J. J.

J. J. Hua and B. D. Esry, “The role of mass in the carrier-envelope phase effect for H2+ dissociation,” J. Phys. B 42, 085601 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
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F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163–234 (2009).
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F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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S. Gräfe and M. Y. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 163603 (2007).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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Johnsson, P.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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Kapteyn, H. C.

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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Khan, J. I.

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Kienberger, R.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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Kling, M. F.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Krausz, F.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163–234 (2009).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
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P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nature Phys. 3, 381–387 (2007).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kremer, M.

B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
[Crossref]

M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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L’Huillier, A.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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P. Lan, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Efficient control of electron localization by subcycle waveform synthesis,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 013418 (2012).
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P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
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Lein, M.

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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M. Lein, “Attosecond probing of vibrational dynamics with high-harmonic generation” Phys. Rev. Lett 94, 053004 (2005).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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Lezius, M.

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
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Li, Y.

P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
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Liao, Q.

Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
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X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123002 (2007).
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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
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K. Liu, W. Hong, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+,” Opt. Express 19, 26359 (2011).
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Lu, P.

K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
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Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
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K. Liu, W. Hong, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+,” Opt. Express 19, 26359 (2011).
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P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
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Marangos, J. P.

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Nisoli, M.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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Ray, D.

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
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F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
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Schröter, C. D.

B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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Schultze, M.

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Sharma, V.

B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Silva, F.

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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Smith, M. A.

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
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Swoboda, M.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
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P. Lan, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Efficient control of electron localization by subcycle waveform synthesis,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 013418 (2012).
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S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
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A. Thai, M. Hemmer, P. K. Bates, O. Chalus, and J. Biegert, “Sub-250-mrad, passively carrier-envelope-phase-stable mid-infrared OPCPA source at high repetition rate,” Opt. Lett. 36, 3918–3920 (2011).
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B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
[Crossref]

K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
[Crossref]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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B. Feuerstein and U. Thumm, “Fragmentation of H2+ in strong 800-nm laser pulses: Initial-vibrational-state dependence,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 043405 (2003).
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Tisch, J. W. G.

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ullrich, J.

B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
[Crossref]

M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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Verhoef, A. J.

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
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I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
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I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, P. Q.

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
[Crossref]

Wang, X.

P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
[Crossref]

Xia, J. F.

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Q.

K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
[Crossref]

K. Liu, W. Hong, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+,” Opt. Express 19, 26359 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zherebtsov, S.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

Zhou, Y.

Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Znakovskaya, I.

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
[Crossref]

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

Int. J. Quant. Chem. (1)

A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond Localization of Electrons in Molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 100, 834–844 (2004).
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J. Phys. B (2)

J. J. Hua and B. D. Esry, “The role of mass in the carrier-envelope phase effect for H2+ dissociation,” J. Phys. B 42, 085601 (2009).
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B. Abeln, J. V. Hernández, F. Anis, and B. D. Esry, “Comparison of theoretical analyses of intense-laser-induced molecular dissociation,” J. Phys. B 43, 155005 (2010).
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Mol. Phys. (1)

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation,” Mol. Phys. 106, 455–465 (2008).
[Crossref]

Nature (London) (1)

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London) 465, 763 (2010).
[Crossref]

Nature Comm. (1)

F. Silva, D.R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nature Comm. 3, 807 (2012).
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Nature Phys. (1)

P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nature Phys. 3, 381–387 (2007).
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New J. Phys. (1)

E. Persson, J. Burgdörfer, and S. Gräfe, “Quantum control of electron localization in molecules driven by trains of half-cycle pulses,” New J. Phys. 11, 105035 (2009).
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Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. (1)

F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 8647–8652 (2011).
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Phys. Rev. A (5)

P. Q. Wang, A. M. Sayler, K. D. Carnes, J. F. Xia, M. A. Smith, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Dissociation of H2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields studied by coincidence three-dimensional momentum imaging,” Phys. Rev. A 74, 043411 (2006).
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B. Feuerstein and U. Thumm, “Fragmentation of H2+ in strong 800-nm laser pulses: Initial-vibrational-state dependence,” Phys. Rev. A 67, 043405 (2003).
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P. Lan, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Efficient control of electron localization by subcycle waveform synthesis,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 013418 (2012).
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K. Liu, Q. Zhang, and P. Lu, “Enhancing electron localization in molecular dissociation by two-color mid- and near-infrared fields,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 033410 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. He, “Control of electron localization in the dissociation of H2+ using orthogonally polarized two-color sequential laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. A 86, 063415 (2012).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. A, (1)

P. Lan, P. Lu, W. Cao, Y. Li, and X. Wang, “Isolated sub-100-as pulse generation via controlling electron dynamics,” Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011402 (2007).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett (2)

J. McKenna, A. M. Sayler, F. Anis, B. Gaire, N. G. Johnson, E. Parke, J. J. Hua, H. Mashiko, C. M. Nakamura, E. Moon, Z. Chang, K. D. Carnes, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Enhancing high-order above-threshold dissociation of H2+ beams with few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett 100, 133001 (2008).
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M. Lein, “Attosecond probing of vibrational dynamics with high-harmonic generation” Phys. Rev. Lett 94, 053004 (2005).
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Phys. Rev. Lett. (10)

I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, G. Marcus, S. Zherebtsov, B. Bergues, X. Gu, Y. Deng, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Subcycle controlled charge-directed reactivity with few-cycle midinfrared pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 063002 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 223201 (2009).
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B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 223001 (2010).
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V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 163601 (2004).
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Y. Zhou, C. Huang, Q. Liao, and P. Lu, “Classical simulations including electron correlations for sequential double ionization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 053004 (2012).
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M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 213003 (2009).
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X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123002 (2007).
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S. Gräfe and M. Y. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 163603 (2007).
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F. He, C. Ruiz, and A. Becker, “Control of electron excitation and localization in the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes using two sequential ultrashort laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 083002 (2007).
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K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 023001 (2010).
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Rep. Prog. Phys. (1)

J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 67, 623–665 (2004).
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Rev. Mod. Phys. (1)

F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 163–234 (2009).
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Science (2)

M. F. Kling, C. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312, 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Baker, J. S. Robinson, C. A. Haworth, H. Teng, R. A. Smit, C. C. Chirilă, M. Lein, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Probing proton dynamics in molecules on an attosecond time scale,” Science 312, 424–427 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 The CEP dependence of the electron localization asymmetry of H2+ and its isotopes, D2+ and T2+, for the pulse wavelengths of 3000 (first row) and 800 nm (second row). The third row shows the results (for the 3000-nm pulse) calculated by the molecular model of one-dimensional nuclear motion and one-dimensional electronic motion. The results have been averaged over all the initial vibrational states weighted by FC factors.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 The asymmetry parameter A(Ek, ϕ) as a function of the CEP and the kinetic energy for (a) H2+, (b) D2+, and (c) T2+ in the 3000-nm pulse. The other laser parameters are the same as in Figs. 1(a)–1(c).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 The time evolution of the physical quantities of the electron localization process in the 800- and 3000-nm fields for H2+ (thick curve) and D2+ (thin curve). (a)–(b) The electric field. (c)–(d) The quasi-state eigenvalues. (e)–(f) The internuclear distance. (g)–(h) The transition probability. (i)–(j) The localization asymmetry. The shadows indicate the regions where the electron localization is established.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Illustration of the dissociation model for H2+ in the 3000-nm field. The vertical lines with arrows reveal the coupling channels that are noted by the text-arrows. The thin gray curves indicate the BO potentials dressed by net absorbed numbers of photons. The blue dashed arrow shows one of the possible dissociation pathways. (b) The absolute value of a cut of the asymmetry A(Ek, ϕ) normalized to the maximum asymmetry at the given CEP of ϕ = 0.5π, as marked by the vertical dashed lines in Fig. 2. (c) The KER spectra normalized to the maximum value for the H2+ dissociation under the 3000-nm pulse with the CEP of 0.5π and 1.0π.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 The CEP dependence of the electron localization asymmetry (upper row) and the CEP-dependent KER spectra of the asymmetry (lower row) for the dissociation of H2+ and its isotopes in the 3000-nm pulse with two different intensities, 7.11 × 1012 (left part) and 5 × 1013 W/cm2 (right part). The other laser parameters are the same as in Figs. 1(a)–1(c).

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Equations (3)

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i ∂ ∂ t ( χ g χ u ) = ( − ∇ 2 2 μ + V g V g u V g u * − ∇ 2 2 μ + V u ) × ( χ g χ u ) ,
V 1 , 2 = V g + V u 2 ∓ ( V u − V g ) 2 4 + V g u 2 .
P t s ( t ) = exp { − π [ V u ( R ¯ ) − V g ( R ¯ ) ] 2 4 ω D g u ( R ¯ ) E 0 ( t ) } ,

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