Abstract

The effect of thermal annealing on the luminescent and laser properties of high-germania-core silicate fibers doped with bismuth was investigated. We studied the behavior of optical absorption assigned to the bismuth-related active centers associated with germanium as well as the behavior of unsaturable absorption in annealed fibers with respect to the Bi content. The dependence of the increment of the active center content on the Bi concentration in the annealed fibers was obtained. We achieved laser oscillations near a wavelength of 1700 nm with a slope efficiency of 18% using a 8.5 m long Bi-doped fiber. The comparison of the output parameters of the laser based on an annealed Bi-doped fiber with the ones of a pristine Bi-doped fiber laser is given. The performance of the obtained bismuth-doped fiber lasers was modeled using the propagation and rate equations of a homogeneous quasi-two-level laser medium. Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones.

© 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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  1. E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  7. K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
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    [Crossref]
  10. A. S. Zlenko, V. M. Mashinsky, L. D. Iskhakova, S. L. Semjonov, V. V. Koltashev, N. M. Karatun, and E. M. Dianov, “Mechanisms of optical losses in Bi:SiO2 glass fibers,” Opt. Express 20(21), 23186–23200 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).
  12. S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
  14. S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
    [Crossref]
  15. E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
    [Crossref]
  16. S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  17. S. Firstov, S. Alyshev, M. Melkumov, K. Riumkin, A. Shubin, and E. Dianov, “Bismuth-doped optical fibers and fiber lasers for a spectral region of 1600-1800 nm,” Opt. Lett. 39(24), 6927–6930 (2014).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  18. Y.-S. Liu, T. C. Galvin, T. Hawkins, J. Ballato, L. Dong, P. R. Foy, P. D. Dragic, and J. G. Eden, “Linkage of oxygen deficiency defects and rare earth concentrations in silica glass optical fiber probed by ultraviolet absorption and laser excitation spectroscopy,” Opt. Express 20(13), 14494–14507 (2012).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. G. Brambilla and V. Pruneri, “Enhanced photosensitivity in silicate optical fibers by thermal treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 111905 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  20. G. Brambilla, V. Pruneri, L. Reekie, and D. N. Payne, “Enhanced photosensitivity in germanosilicate fibers exposed to CO2 laser radiation,” Opt. Lett. 24(15), 1023–1025 (1999).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. O. Svelto, Principles of Lasers (Springer, 2010).

2017 (1)

2016 (3)

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (1)

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (2)

S. Firstov, S. Alyshev, M. Melkumov, K. Riumkin, A. Shubin, and E. Dianov, “Bismuth-doped optical fibers and fiber lasers for a spectral region of 1600-1800 nm,” Opt. Lett. 39(24), 6927–6930 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (1)

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (3)

2011 (1)

2010 (1)

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

2007 (2)

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Brambilla and V. Pruneri, “Enhanced photosensitivity in silicate optical fibers by thermal treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 111905 (2007).
[Crossref]

2005 (1)

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

Alyshev, S.

Alyshev, S. V.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Antropova, T. V.

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

Bai, Zh.

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Ballato, J.

Bigot, L.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Bouwmans, G.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Brambilla, G.

G. Brambilla and V. Pruneri, “Enhanced photosensitivity in silicate optical fibers by thermal treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 111905 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Brambilla, V. Pruneri, L. Reekie, and D. N. Payne, “Enhanced photosensitivity in germanosilicate fibers exposed to CO2 laser radiation,” Opt. Lett. 24(15), 1023–1025 (1999).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bufetov, I. A.

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bufetova, G. A.

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

Dianov, E.

Dianov, E. M.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, “Bismuth-doped optical fibers: a challenging active medium for near-IR lasers and optical amplifiers,” Light Sci. Appl. 1(5), e12 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. S. Zlenko, V. M. Mashinsky, L. D. Iskhakova, S. L. Semjonov, V. V. Koltashev, N. M. Karatun, and E. M. Dianov, “Mechanisms of optical losses in Bi:SiO2 glass fibers,” Opt. Express 20(21), 23186–23200 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Dong, L.

Douay, M.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Dragic, P. D.

Dvoyrin, V. V.

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

Eden, J. G.

Fattakhova, Z. T.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Favre, A.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Firstov, S.

Firstov, S. V.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Firstova, E. G.

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Foy, P. R.

Fujii, M.

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Galvin, T. C.

Girsova, M. A.

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

Gladyshev, A. V.

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

Gui, S.

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Gur’yanov, A. N.

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

Guryanov, A. N.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

Hawkins, T.

Imakita, K.

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Iskhakova, L. D.

Kalita, M. P.

Karatun, N. M.

Kharakhordin, A. V.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Khegai, A. M.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Khopin, V. F.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, I. A. Bufetov, E. G. Firstova, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Combined excitation-emission spectroscopy of bismuth active centers in optical fibers,” Opt. Express 19(20), 19551–19561 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kir’yanov, A. V.

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

Koltashev, V. V.

Korchak, V. N.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Liu, Y.-S.

Loiko, P. A.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Mashinsky, V. M.

A. S. Zlenko, V. M. Mashinsky, L. D. Iskhakova, S. L. Semjonov, V. V. Koltashev, N. M. Karatun, and E. M. Dianov, “Mechanisms of optical losses in Bi:SiO2 glass fibers,” Opt. Express 20(21), 23186–23200 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

Medvedkov, O. I.

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

Melkumov, M.

Melkumov, M. A.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Nishchev, K. N.

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

Payne, D. N.

Pruneri, V.

G. Brambilla and V. Pruneri, “Enhanced photosensitivity in silicate optical fibers by thermal treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 111905 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Brambilla, V. Pruneri, L. Reekie, and D. N. Payne, “Enhanced photosensitivity in germanosilicate fibers exposed to CO2 laser radiation,” Opt. Lett. 24(15), 1023–1025 (1999).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pureur, V.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Razdobreev, I.

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Reekie, L.

Riumkin, K.

Riumkin, K. E.

K. E. Riumkin, S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, A. M. Khegai, M. A. Melkumov, V. F. Khopin, A. V. Kharakhordin, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Performance of 1.73 μm Superluminescent Source Based on Bismuth-Doped Fiber Under Various Temperature Conditions and γ-Irradiation,” J. Lightwave Technol. 35(19), 4114–4119 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

Romanov, A. N.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Sahu, J.

Semjonov, S. L.

Shinji, H.

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Shubin, A.

Trusov, L. A.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Umnikov, A. A.

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

Vasil’eva, M. N.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Vechkanov, N. N.

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

Vel’miskin, V. V.

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

Vtyurina, D. N.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Yashkov, M. V.

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

Yoo, S.

Zaramenskikh, K. S.

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Zlenko, A. S.

Appl. Phys. (Berl.) (1)

S. Gui, K. Imakita, M. Fujii, Zh. Bai, and H. Shinji, “Near infrared photoluminescence from bismuth-doped nanoporous silica thin films,” Appl. Phys. (Berl.) 114(3), 033524 (2013).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

I. Razdobreev, L. Bigot, V. Pureur, A. Favre, G. Bouwmans, and M. Douay, “Efficient all-fiber bismuth-doped laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(3), 031103 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Brambilla and V. Pruneri, “Enhanced photosensitivity in silicate optical fibers by thermal treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 111905 (2007).
[Crossref]

Glass Phys. Chem. (1)

S. V. Firstov, M. A. Girsova, E. M. Dianov, and T. V. Antropova, “Luminescent properties of thermoinduced active centers in quartz-like glass activated by bismuth,” Glass Phys. Chem. 40(5), 521–525 (2014).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

V. V. Dvoyrin, A. V. Kir’yanov, V. M. Mashinsky, O. I. Medvedkov, A. A. Umnikov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Absorption, Gain, and Laser Action in Bismuth-Doped Aluminosilicate Optical Fibers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(2), 182–190 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (1)

Laser Phys. (1)

S. V. Firstov, E. G. Firstova, S. V. Alyshev, V. F. Khopin, K. E. Riumkin, M. A. Melkumov, A. N. Guryanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Recovery of IR luminescence in photobleached bismuth-doped fibers by thermal annealing,” Laser Phys. 26(8), 084007 (2016).
[Crossref]

Light Sci. Appl. (1)

E. M. Dianov, “Bismuth-doped optical fibers: a challenging active medium for near-IR lasers and optical amplifiers,” Light Sci. Appl. 1(5), e12 (2012).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (4)

Opt. Lett. (2)

Proc. SPIE (1)

E. M. Dianov, S. V. Firstov, V. F. Khopin, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. V. Gladyshev, M. A. Melkumov, N. N. Vechkanov, and A. N. Guryanov, “Bismuth-doped fibers and fiber lasers for a new spectral range of 1600-1800 nm,” Proc. SPIE 9728, 97280U (2016).
[Crossref]

Quantum Electron. (2)

E. M. Dianov, V. V. Dvoyrin, V. M. Mashinsky, A. A. Umnikov, M. V. Yashkov, and A. N. Guryanov, “CW bismuth fiber laser,” Quantum Electron. 35(12), 1083–1084 (2005).
[Crossref]

E. G. Firstova, I. A. Bufetov, V. F. Khopin, V. V. Vel’miskin, S. V. Firstov, G. A. Bufetova, K. N. Nishchev, A. N. Gur’yanov, and E. M. Dianov, “Luminescence properties of IR-emitting bismuth centres in SiO2-based glasses in the UV to near-IR spectral region,” Quantum Electron. 45(1), 59–65 (2015).
[Crossref]

Russian J. Phys. Chem. B (1)

D. N. Vtyurina, A. N. Romanov, K. S. Zaramenskikh, M. N. Vasil’eva, Z. T. Fattakhova, L. A. Trusov, P. A. Loiko, and V. N. Korchak, “IR Luminescence of Bismuth-Containing Centers in Materials Prepared by Impregnation and Thermal Treatment of Porous Glasses,” Russian J. Phys. Chem. B 10(2), 211–214 (2016).
[Crossref]

Other (3)

S. V. Firstov, S. V. Alyshev, K. E. Riumkin, A. M. Khegai, A. V. Kharakhordin, M. A. Melkumov, and E. M. Dianov, “Laser-active Bi-doped fibers for a spectral region of 1.6 – 1.8 um,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.24(5) (to be published in 2018).

M. J. F. Digonnet, Rare Earth Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers, ed. (Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1993).

O. Svelto, Principles of Lasers (Springer, 2010).

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Contour plots of luminescence intensity versus emission and excitation wavelengths of Bi-doped fiber: a) pristine; b) after annealing. (Fiber # 232).

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Typical absorption spectrum of a Bi-doped fiber (Fiber #217). The experimentally defined UA are shown by ball-shaped points. The blue-shaded region indicates the extrapolation of the UA.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Absorption of the BACs-Ge and UA as a function of total Bi concentration. Linear and non-linear functions are indicated by dashed and solid lines, respectively.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Increment of relative concentration of the BACs during annealing versus total Bi content.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Setup of laser experiments.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Output power of the laser versus absorbed pump power (empty squares – experimental data for low-Bi-content and annealed fiber, filled squares – data for high-Bi-content fiber; dashed lines – calculation). Inset: The calculated dependence of the slope efficiency of the Bi-doped laser on the ratio between the total absorption at 1650 nm and the UA. The total absorption was kept equal to ~1 dB/m and the UA was varied so the ratio was changed in a broad range.

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Tables (2)

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Table 1 The parameters of the investigated fibers

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Table 2 Parameters used for the modeling of the laser operation.

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Equations (6)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

N 2 ( z ) N BAC = Γ( λ p )⋅ λ p ⋅ σ a ( λ p )⋅ P p ( z )+Γ( λ s )⋅ λ s ⋅ σ a ( λ s )⋅ P s ( z ) Γ( λ p )⋅ λ p ⋅[ σ a ( λ p )+ σ e ( λ p ) ]⋅ P p ( z )+ h⋅c⋅ A core τ +Γ( λ s )⋅ λ s ⋅[ σ a ( λ s )+ σ e ( λ s ) ]⋅ P s ( z )
± d P p ± ( z ) dz =Γ( λ p )⋅[ ( σ a ( λ p )+ σ e ( λ p ) )⋅ N 2 ( z )− σ a ( λ p )⋅ N BAC ]⋅ P p ± ( z )−α( λ p )⋅ P p ± ( z )
± d P s ± ( z ) dz =Γ( λ s )⋅[ ( σ a ( λ s )+ σ e ( λ s ) )⋅ N 2 ( z )− σ a ( λ s )⋅ N BAC ]⋅ P s ± ( z )−α( λ s )⋅ P s ± ( z )
P s − ( 0 )= P s + ( 0 ) R 1 ⋅Los s splice
P s − ( L )= P s + ( L )⋅ R 2
P out =( 1− R 2 )⋅ P s + ( L )

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